Introduction: Dental pain and dental anxiety are the most common determinants of negative dental experience, the reason for broken appointments and ignored oral health care affecting the quality of life. Aim: To evaluate the effects of distraction techniques using virtual reality and eight-dimension (8D) audio analgesia method on pain perception and anxiety levels in children during restorative procedures. Materials and methods: A total of 120 children between the ages of 4 and 10 years old who visited for the first time to a pediatric dental department were grouped equally between three interventional groups. Group I was treated with conventional tell-show-do (TSD) method; patients selected for group II (8D audio analgesia) and group III (virtual reality method) underwent two-step procedure that initially involved the TSD technique, by explaining the distraction techniques method conditioned for restoration treatment. Clinical evaluation of anxiety levels was measured by using the Chotta Bheem–Chutki (CBC), face, legs, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) scale, and recording pulse and oxygen saturation rate. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Tukey's test was done to compare all the parameters between the three groups. Results: In comparison to the conventional TSD method, both 8D audio analgesia and virtual reality method showed statistically better results. One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey's test showed no significant difference between the virtual reality group and 8D audio analgesic group. Conclusion: Both 8D audio analgesia and virtual reality box distraction techniques can be used as an efficient distraction technique for TSD during dental procedures in children.

Aim and background: To evaluate the in vivo and in vitro effects of three topical agents in reducing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets. Postorthodontic enamel demineralization persists to be undesirable and common complication. Materials and methods: Twenty patients, who consented, were included into three experimental and a control group, following screening for inclusion, exclusion, and randomization. The experimental group was intervened with either GC Tooth Mousse Plus®, Clinpro® Tooth Cream, or Amflor® toothpaste. The baseline values were recorded using DIAGNOdent® following oral prophylaxis and brackets were bonded. The intervention group received the respective topical application of agents. Posttreatment values were recorded after 90 seconds of intervention and 20th day postintervention. Extraction of respective tooth was done on the 21st day to evaluate the microhardness using the Vickers hardness test. Results: The results show the effectiveness of GC Tooth Mousse Plus® over Amflor® toothpaste followed by Clinpro® Tooth Cream for remineralization among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and microhardness was highest for GC Tooth Mousse Plus®. Conclusion: Topical agents can be used effectively as remineralizing agents in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Clinical significance: Advanced diagnostic tools like the DIAGNOdent Pen® and remineralizing agents contribute to a comprehensive and proactive approach to dental care, particularly in populations with specific risk factors like children with high sucrose consumption.

Aim: Early identification and management of developing malocclusion can reduce or eliminate the need for future complicated treatment procedures. The present study was undertaken to assess early orthodontic treatment needs in 6- and 9-year-old children using the index for preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment need (IPION) in Pune, India. Materials and methods: A total of 360 children reporting to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry were evaluated clinically and on their respective dental casts according to the IPION requirement. The overall scores were then categorized into “no treatment need,” “moderate treatment need,” and “definitive treatment need.” Results: The final data obtained that around 6.1% of the children had no treatment need, 25% of the children had moderate treatment need, and 68.8% of the children had definitive treatment need. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, we conclude that the studied population had a high early orthodontic treatment needs which can be attributed to the high caries in the study population. Clinical significance: This study provides a better alternative to determine early orthodontic treatment needs using IPION, as it includes more relevant orthodontic parameters in high caries population compared to conventional orthodontic treatment need indices.

Introduction: Identification of age is imperative for diversity of reasons including disputed birth records, legal issues, etc. Several growth assessment parameters like bone age, dental age, and the combination of both have been applied for different populations with variable outcomes. It is well documented that the chronological age does not necessarily correlate with the maturational status of a child. Hence, efforts were made to determine a child's developmental age by using dental and skeletal age. The knowledge of bone age and dental age is of great importance for pediatricians and pediatric dentists. It is essential for dentists to formulate treatment plans and it is a source of complementary information for pediatricians. Aims: To assess the applicability of Cameriere's method for dental age assessment and its relationship with skeletal age (MP3) and chronological age in North Indian children. Materials and methods: Children aged between 6 and 14 years were randomly selected. Chronological age was assessed by subtracting date of radiograph from the date of birth. The six modified MP3 stages given by Rajagopal and Kansal were used for skeletal age assessment. Dental age assessment was done based on Cameriere's method. Statistical analysis used: it was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results: Among skeletal age subgroup of genders the calculated dental age based on Cameriere's method overestimated the chronological age significantly. Conclusions: Overestimated dental age by Cameriere's method in North Indian children suggests a need for new regression equation for a better correlation with skeletal age and chronological age.

Aim and objectives: To evaluate the clinical performance (marginal discoloration, surface texture, and retention) of bioactive restorative material (ACTIVA) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) in carious primary molar restorations at 6 and 12-month intervals. Materials and methods: The split-mouth randomized controlled trial comprised 31 children aged 5–8 years having contralateral matched pair of carious primary molars with an International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II score 5. Sixty-two teeth were randomly allocated into two groups: group I—ACTIVA (n = 31) and group II—RMGIC (n = 31). After caries excavation, the teeth were restored with the respective materials and evaluated the marginal discoloration, surface texture, and retention after 6 and 12 months using modified USPHS (United States Public Health Service) criteria under the dental operating microscope. Statistical analysis: Mann–Whitney “U” test was used for intragroup comparison and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for intergroup comparison. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the surface texture of ACTIVA and RMGIC restorations at both 6-month (p = 0.002) and 12-month (p = 0.001) intervals, whereas the difference in the marginal discoloration and retention were not significant at both 6-month (p = 0.267 and 0.161, respectively) and 12-month intervals (p = 0.339 and 0.064, respectively). Conclusion: The surface texture of ACTIVA is found to be superior to RMGIC, whereas marginal discoloration and retention are similar to RMGIC at both 6 and 12-month intervals. Clinical significance: ACTIVA bioactive restorative material and RMGIC both enhance tooth remineralization with improved adhesion and fluoride release properties, making them valuable choices in various clinical scenarios.

Aims and background: Combination of different noninvasive caries arresting approaches may improve the effectiveness and success rate of individual procedures for caries management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiographic success rate of a combination of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application and Hall technique (HT) for the management of dentinal caries in primary molars and compare it with conventional stainless steel crown (SSC) restoration. Materials and methods: Children aged 4–8 years, having carious primary molars with the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) score of 5 or 6, were randomly assigned to treatment group A or B. Treatment group A (n = 25) received 38% SDF application and Hall crown, while group B (n = 25) received conventional SSC restoration. Follow-up was done at 1 month, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 30 months intervals. Results: There was one case of major failure in group A (93.5% successful) while no case of major failure in group B (100% successful) and the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). For minor failure (loss of SSC), the success rate was 91.3% in group B and 84.2% in group A, wherein the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Conservative management of dentinal carious lesions with SDF and HT showed a similar success rate as compared to conventional operative procedures. Clinical significance: This protocol can help reduce the clinical chair time and the need for deep sedation/general anesthesia in young children suffering from deep carious lesions with reversible pulpitis. Trial registration number: CTRI/2020/07/026877, Clinical Trial Registry—India.

Background: The Halba tribe owes its nomenclature term “Hal” which locally means plowing or farming. Bastariya Halba is Dravidian tribe from Warangal. They speak Indo-European language Halbi. There are no population-based studies till date evaluating the oral health status among Halba children in Chhattisgarh. Aim: To evaluate the oral health status of Halba tribe children in the Bastar division of Chhattisgarh by assessing the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal conditions. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the dental caries and periodontal status in Halba tribe children. Children aged between 6 and 12 years (N = 1,050) were randomly selected from Halba community of Chhattisgarh. Dental caries status was recorded by using the decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT/dmft) index and papillary marginal attached (PMA) index for periodontal status. Statistical analysis: The statistical software namely Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 was used for the analysis of the data. Results: The study population was 1,050 children from the Halba tribal community. Among the subjects, 545 (51.9%) were boys and 505 (48.1%) were girls. The overall mean dmft/DMFT was found to be 2.25 ± 2.71. In this study, boys had significantly higher values for overall dmft/DMFT (2.55 ± 2.74) than girls. It was observed that mild, moderate, and severe gingivitis significantly increased with increasing age. Conclusion: The population examined was characterized by high prevalence of dental caries as well as unmet treatment needs. Factors like poverty, illiteracy, poor awareness, and lack of oral health services may be a reason for poor oral health in these children.

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the four noncommunicable diseases. There are two types—type I and type II. The prevalence of type I DM in India is 0.26/1,000 population (1992). This study was carried out to assess dental caries status and gingival status. The study group was compared with the nondiabetic control group to find any association with metabolic control of the disease. Methodology: A total sample size of 200 subjects was selected out of 100 patients referred to treat their poorly controlled type I diabetes mellitus at the tertiary hospital. Another 100 nondiabetic subjects were selected as controls. An oral clinical examination used a mouth mirror, dental explorer, visible light source, and cotton gauze. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), gingival index, plaque index, and calculus index were evaluated. Results: Comparison of the gingival index between cases and control was found to be significant, where the p-value is <0.001. This points out that type I diabetic patients have more chance of gingival problems than others. The increased plaque index indicates the need to give more importance to oral health as it may lead to an increased calculus index in the future, leading to periodontal problems. It was found that glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is directly proportional to the gingival index. Conclusion: Maintaining good oral health through regular check-ups with dental experts and motivating and educating type I diabetic patients as they are more prone to dental issues.

Aims and background: This study aims to compare the fracture resistance force (FRF) and failure types of three-dimensional (3D)-printed stainless steel crowns (SSCs) and preformed SSCs in primary molars. Materials and methods: Forty-eight over-retained and extracted mandibular second deciduous molars were divided into two groups: one receiving 3D-printed crowns and the other preformed crowns. Fracture resistance testing was performed using a universal mechanical testing machine, and failure types were analyzed post-testing. Results: Fracture resistance testing revealed a significant difference between 3D-printed and preformed SSCs (p < 0.05), with 3D-printed crowns exhibiting a mean FRF of 3953.82 N compared to 742.94 N for preformed crowns. Additionally, Mann–Whitney U tests and Chi-squared tests were utilized to examine variations within and across the groups. Analysis of shear bond strength showed that 3D-printed crowns demonstrated superior adhesive performance compared to preformed crowns, with mean shear bond strength values of 3953.82 N and 742.94 N, respectively. Both groups A and B showed unrepairable failure modes. Conclusion: The study concludes that 3D-printed SSCs offer distinct advantages over preformed options, including tailored fit, enhanced mechanical properties, and improved longevity. These findings underscore the potential of 3D printing technology to revolutionize pediatric dental restoration practices. Clinical significance: Integrating 3D printing into pediatric dental practice holds promise for optimizing treatment outcomes and improving long-term oral health in children. The superior fracture resistance and adhesive performance of 3D-printed crowns suggest their potential to enhance restoration viability and reduce the need for subsequent interventions.

Introduction: Obturation of the root canal is the most critical step in endodontic treatment, which aims to provide a hermetic seal and prevent regrowth and entry of bacteria into the canal. To achieve this, many sealers are used in endodontics. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the apical seal obtained by different sealers used in conjunction with the single cone obturation technique using gutta-percha under the stereomicroscope. Materials and methods: Extracted human single-rooted teeth were taken and decoronated at the cementoenamel junction. The access cavity was prepared, and biomechanical preparation was completed. The samples were randomly assigned to four groups consisting of 20 teeth each according to the root canal sealer used and categorized as group I, group II, group III, and group IV. Group I (n = 20)—Endoseal (Prevest DenPro), group II (n = 20)—Apexit Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent), group III (n = 20)—MTA-FillApex (Angelus), and group IV (n = 20)—Ceraseal (Meta Biomed). The teeth were immersed in Indian ink for 7 days and finally transferred to methyl salicylate for diaphanization. The extent of dye penetration was measured using the stereomicroscope. Statistical data analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test. Results: Microleakage was seen in all the groups. Apical leakage was maximum for the Endoseal group, followed by MTA Fillapex, Apexit, and Ceraseal. Groups were compared by one-factor ANOVA, and the significance of the mean difference was measured using Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) and post hoc test. A statistically significant difference in the depth of dye penetration was observed among the groups (F = 28.66, p < 0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that there were statistically significant differences among the experimental groups. Ceraseal endodontic root canal sealer provided a significantly better apical seal, followed by Apexit and MTA Fillapex, whereas Endoseal showed the least sealing ability.

Aims and background: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is characterized by sharp shooting pain due to exposed dentin, and the most common method for treating this pain is the occlusion of the dentinal tubules with the help of desensitizing agents. E-silver diamine fluoride (e-SDF) (Kids-e-Dental, Mumbai, India) is a commercially available 38% SDF solution in the Indian market. Despite the fact that its application for caries prevention has been proven, the fluoride (Fl) and silver (Ag) ion concentrations of e-SDF for use in treating DH have yet to be standardized. The aim of this study is to determine and compare the Fl and Ag ion concentrations released from two commercially available 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solutions. Materials and methods: The two most common commercially available 38% SDF solution brands, namely Advantage Arrest and e-SDF were used. Two drops of each of these solutions were taken in three beakers and diluted with distilled water. The Fl ion concentration was evaluated using a calibrated ion-specific electrode. The free Ag ion concentration was assessed using an atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Results: Release of Ag ions shows that on days 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7, concentration (mg/L) was higher in the Advantage Arrest group but is statistically nonsignificant. On days 3 and 4, it is higher in an e-SDF group with a t-value of 1.085 and 0.243 and is statistically nonsignificant. Release of Fl ion showed that in comparison to the baseline, it was more with Advantage Arrest on days 2, 4, and 7 with a t-value of –3.766, –0.999, and 0.347 and on day 2 was statistically significant. On days 3, 5, and 6 Fl ion release from baseline was more with e-SDF in comparison with Advantage Arrest but statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The AAS analysis as well as the ion chromatography showed that the Ag and Fl ion release respectively on days 1–7 from e-SDF was similar to the one seen in the case of Advantage Arrest. Clinical significance: This helps dentists choose among different brands of the same commercially available 38% SDF solutions depending on the cost and availability of the product.

Aim: To compare the microleakage of three bulk-fill composite resins with or without resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) liner. Materials and methods: A total of 30 maxillary human 1st premolar teeth were selected. Two box preparations were made on the mesial and distal sides. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 10 teeth each. RMGIC liner with 1 mm thick were applied to the mesial box. The specimens were divided into three groups according to the type of bulk-fill composites used and restoration of the cavities were done according to manufacturer instructions and light cured. Finishing and polishing were done and stored for 1 week in distilled water at 37°C. Thermocycling was then performed in a thermocycling unit. The specimens were then immersed in 0.5% methylene blue for 8 hours at 37°C. All the specimens were sectioned longitudinally in a mesiodistal direction and analyzed under 20× magnification in a stereomicroscope. The degree of dye penetration was scored. Results: Subgroup M showed comparatively less microleakage compared to subgroup D in all the groups which was statistically significant. When microleakage between the study group on mesial and distal sides was compared, group smart dentin replacement (SDR)-M showed less microleakage compared to group F-M and this difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: RMGIC is the recommended liner beneath the bulk-fill composites in class II cavities and SureFil SDR bulk-fill flowable can be the recommended composite resin for class II restorations. Clinical significance: Bulk-fill composite is a time-saving material as it eliminates the incremental placement. RMGIC is always recommended beneath bulk-fill composites. SDR bulk-fill is the recommended composite restoration.

Background: The best space maintainer in both primary and mixed dentition is the primary tooth itself. This is not only because of the clinical crown but also due to the presence of the roots and periodontium that guide the eruption of the permanent tooth. Although over the years many materials have been tried for obturation of pulpectomized primary teeth, no material has been found to fulfill all requirements. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic efficiency of zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), zinc oxide-ozonated oil, antioxidant mix, and probiotic mix in root canal treatment of primary molars. Materials and methods: One hundred twenty primary molars of children aged 4–9 years presenting to the department were randomly assigned to one of four groups: obturated with ZOE, zinc oxide-ozonated oil, probiotic mix, or antioxidant mix. All the pulpectomies were carried out by a single operator. Follow-up was done at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, and treatment success or failure was determined by the evaluation of clinical and radiographic findings. Results: There was a statistically significant difference with respect to postoperative pain and swelling among the four groups at the end of the 12-month follow-up period (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study concludes that among the four different obturating materials, zinc oxide-ozonated oil has shown the most promising results in primary endodontically treated teeth, whereas antioxidant mix was comparable to ZOE with fewer disadvantages and side effects.

Background: Craniosynostosis (CS) is defined as the premature fusion of cranial sutures and can be classified as nonsyndromic or syndromic and by which sutures are affected. It affects 1 in 2,000–2,500 children. The most common clinical feature in CS is an abnormal head shape. This is a consequence of the growth of the underlying brain and restriction of skull growth due to premature ossification of skull sutures. It may primarily occur due to genetic mutations or secondarily due to mechanical, environmental, and hormonal factors during pregnancy. The most frequently involved single suture is the sagittal suture, followed by the coronal, metopic, and lambdoid sutures, or multiple sutures. Case description: An 8-year-old girl with second-degree consanguinity and several signs of CS is reported. A deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) test report revealed an ERF gene mutation located on exon 4, concluding the diagnosis of craniosynostosis-4 with genetic heterogeneity. Intraoral examination revealed multiple unerupted teeth, dental caries, and deep pits and fissures. Intervention: Adhesive restorations of carious teeth, pulp capping of 75, and fissure sealing of 46 were done. Extraction of 71 and root stumps of 54 were followed by band and loop space maintainer. In the recall visit after 6 months, 22, 24, and 32 were seen erupted into the oral cavity. Clinical significance: Most genetically determined CS is characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance, but about half of cases are accounted for new mutations. Mutations in the ERF gene, coding for ETS2 repressor factor, a member of the ETS family of transcription factors, cause a recently recognized form of craniosynostosis (CRS4) with facial dysmorphism, increased intracranial pressure, Chiari-1 malformation, speech and language delay, and behavioral problems. The overall prevalence of ERF mutations in patients with syndromic CS is around 2%, whereas it is 0.7% in clinically nonsyndromic CS.

Regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) has been suggested for the treatment of traumatized necrotic immature teeth. There are only a few reports of using RET to treat a horizontal root fracture. The aim of this paper is to describe successful regenerative retreatment in a tooth with a horizontal root fracture and dens invaginatus. A 9-year-old boy presented with a horizontal root fracture in a central incisor. Pulp necrosis and inflammatory root resorption were observed. The tooth was treated by RET, including calcium hydroxide dressing between visits. After bleeding was allowed into the canal space, a collagen plug was placed as a barrier, and covered by a bioceramic material. At the completion of treatment, the resolution of the radiolucent lesion was evident. During follow-up, the tooth exhibited recurrent pathology at the fracture line. The patient was scheduled for retreatment of the tooth. Repeated RET included additional ultrasonic irrigation and calcium hydroxide dressing. One year after the completion of retreatment, the periradicular lesion resolved with continued maturogenesis of the apical fragment and approximation of the coronal and apical fragments that were attached by a calcified tissue and surrounded by the continuous periodontal ligament. Conclusion: This rare case report of retreatment after failed RET is notable for the repeated use of a regenerative procedure subsequent to a recurrent traumatic injury to the tooth. The repeated regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) resulted in the resolution of the periapical lesion and the reunion of the apical and coronal fragments. Clinical significance: Failure of an already successful RET due to a recurrent traumatic injury may be successfully treated by repeating the RET, particularly when the alternative treatment option is extraction.

Preserving deciduous teeth till their natural exfoliation is important to maintain arch length in different dentition periods. Premature loss of primary teeth may cause discrepancy in arch length due to drifting of teeth and supraeruption of the opposite teeth, thereby hindering the development of a harmonious, functionally and esthetically acceptable dentition. This article describes the fabrication and clinical application of a modified functional distal shoe appliance used due to pathological obliteration of the primary/deciduous mandibular second molar prior to the eruption of the permanent mandibular first molar. This modified functional intra-alveolar space maintainer appliance not only guides the first permanent molar eruption but also prevents ectopic eruption of the second premolar and supra-eruption of the second maxillary primary molar.

Odontogenic cysts can be treated in a number of ways, mostly aggressively by enucleation, less frequently conservatively. One such therapeutic approach is cyst decompression. It entails releasing the intraluminal pressure inside the cystic cavity, which shrinks the cyst and avoids the need for a more radical method of managing large cysts. This article presents the case study of an 8-year-old male child with an infected odontogenic cyst, treated with a unique decompression approach.

An 11-year-old female patient with developing class II division 1 malocclusion having retrognathic mandible and crowding in the lower arch, horizontal growth pattern, with convex profile, hyperactive mentalis muscle, positive visual treatment objective (VTO) in cervical vertebral maturation indicator (CVMI) stage 4 was planned to be treated using modification of conventional twin block appliance. Though a wide variety of myofunctional appliances like activator, Bionator, and Frankel appliances can be delivered to the patient, twin block appliance being a mechanofunctional appliance is routinely preferred by operators due to simplicity of its design and construction in comparison to other appliances. One of the biggest challenges in management of growing patients with skeletal class II malocclusion is the compliance of patients in wearing the myofunctional appliances. Also, the wire framework of most of these functional appliances evokes stigma in young children due to peer pressure. An appliance that eliminates this wire framework can help to increase the duration of wear. Since twin block appliance is the most preferred myofunctional appliance by most of the operators, an attempt was made to make it more convenient to the patient by simplifying its design, especially in regards to the elimination of delta clasps and labial bow framework. Delta clasps were replaced by composite buttons bonded to buccal surface of mandibular first premolar and maxillary first molar. Labial bow framework was eliminated by inducing full coverage of teeth using Essix thermoformed sheets. It was observed that the elimination of the wire framework indeed helped increase the compliance of the patient. Thus, exercises combined with myofunctional appliance therapy helped correct the developing class II division 1 malocclusion prior to fixed mechanotherapy. In conclusion, thorough planning and meticulous execution of E-twin block therapy can achieve correction of developing class II division 1 malocclusion.

Aim and background: Smith−Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a rare condition characterized by abnormalities affecting chromosome 17 or RAI1, leading to physical, developmental, and behavioral challenges. SMS occurs in approximately 1 in 25,000 individuals, presenting complex clinical and dental issues. Case description: This case report focuses on the dental care of a 3-year-old child diagnosed with SMS, emphasizing a comprehensive treatment plan. The child exhibited typical SMS traits, including sleep disturbances, developmental delays, and behavioral problems. The multidisciplinary team integrated dental interventions with strategies to manage these challenges effectively. Conclusion: This report contributes to the limited knowledge on managing SMS, highlighting the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach in meeting the diverse needs of affected individuals. Clinical significance: The scarcity of literature on SMS underscores the importance of documenting such rare cases to enhance understanding and tailor interventions. By documenting successful management strategies, clinicians can better support patients with this rare disorder.

Background and aim: To evaluate the pooled estimates of Cronbach's alpha for the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) questionnaire using reliability generalization meta-analysis. Methods: We have conducted a systematic search of literature from PubMed, Scopus, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from inception till 31^st May 2023. Studies in English and those that have reported Cronbach's alpha for the COHIP questionnaire were included. Screening was performed by two review authors independently. Information on authors, year, country, sample size, age, sex, target population, language and mode of administration, conditions studied for, study setting, and study design were recorded. The risk of bias was assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist for internal consistency. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model to derive a pooled estimate of Cronbach's alpha. Results: A total of 626 studies were available for title and abstract screening after the removal of duplicates, and 106 studies were included for full text screening. A total of 25 estimates were obtained from 22 studies which yielded a total sample size of 10,639. The overall pooled Cronbach's alpha was 0.87 (95% CI = 0.85–8.88) with a high heterogeneity among the included publications (I² = 95.74%). Similarly, the parent or the caregiver reported COHIP also showed pooled Cronbach's alpha of 0.9 (95% CI: 0.87–0.93). Meta-regression showed no significant effect of sex (coefficient: −0.12), age (coefficient: −0.007), language (coefficient: 0.003), study setting (coefficient: −0.001), risk of bias (coefficient: −0.01), and continent (coefficient: −0.04) on the overall estimate. Conclusion: The COHIP questionnaire showed good internal consistency and can be used in research and practice among children.