Background: In a quest a search for newer obturating materials, trends have now shifted from more harmful chemical-based compounds to less toxic and more natural Ayurvedic or herbal materials. Curcumin—a natural extract from turmeric rhizomes, possesses anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties and thus may be used as a novel obturating material in the primary teeth. Objective: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of curcumin powder mixed with zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) and ZOE as obturating materials in primary molars. Materials and methods: A total of 30 primary molars indicated for pulpectomy were selected from 4–8-year-old children and divided into two groups. Group 1—ZOE group included 11 teeth, and in group II, 19 teeth were obturated with—curcumin mixed with ZOE mixed (ZOE + C). The efficacy of these obturation materials was evaluated both clinically and radiographically after 3, 6, and 9 months. Results: At 9 months, there was a significant reduction in preoperative clinical signs and symptoms. Mobility was absent in all the teeth in group I, while 5 teeth presented with mobility in group II after 9 months. On radiographic assessment, at the end of the 9 months, material resorption was similar to physiological root resorption in 40% of teeth in group I and 22.2% in group II. Interradicular radiolucency increased in 66.7% of teeth in group II when compared to 20% of teeth in group I. Pathological root resorption was seen in 10% of roots in the ZOE group and 55.6% of the roots in the ZOE+C group. Conclusion: Despite the well-documented antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin powder in literature, considering the results of the present study, we cannot suggest curcumin powder as successful alternative obturation material for treating deciduous teeth.