Citation Information :
Trehan M, Vashistha A, Chugh A, Bihani U, Trehan M, Nigam AG. Pediatric Mandibular Fractures: A Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2009; 2 (2):1-5.
The pattern of craniomaxillofacial fractures seen in children and adolescents varies with evolving skeletal anatomy and socioenvironmental factors. The general principles of treating mandibular fractures are the same in children and adults: Anatomic reduction is combined with stabilization adequate to maintain it until bone union has occurred. But recognition of some of the differences between children and their adult counterparts is important in long-term esthetic and functional facial rehabilitation as effect of injury, treatment provided has a great influence on their ensuing growth.
Baumann, A.; Troulis, MJ.; Kaban, LB. Facial Trauma II: Dentoalveolar injuries and mandibular fractures. In: Kaban, LB.; Troulis, JM., editors. Pediatric oral and maxillofacial surgery. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2004. p. 441-461.
Dodson, TB. Mandibular fractures in children, OMS Knowledge update 1 (part II). 1995. p. 95-107.
Iida S, Matsuya T. Pediatric maxillofacial fractures: Their aetiological characters and fracture patterns. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2002 Aug;30(4):237-241.
Posnick JC, Goldstein JA. Surgical management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis in the pediatric population. Plast Reconstr Surg 1993 Apr;91(5):791-798.
Kaban LB, Mulliken JB, Murray JE. Facial fractures in children: An analysis of 122 fractures in 109 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 1977 Jan;59(1):15-20.
Koenig WR, Olsson AB, Pensler JM. The fate of developing teeth in facial trauma: Tooth buds in the line of mandibular fractures in children. Ann Plas Surg 1994 May;32(5):503-505.
Lund K. Mandibular growth and remodeling processes after condylar fracture. A longitudinal roentgencephalometric study. Acta Odontol Scand Suppl 1974;32(64):3-117.
Kaban, LB. Facial trauma II. Dentoalveolar injuries and mandibular trauma. In: Kban, LB., editor. Pediatric oral and maxillofacial surgery. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1990. p. 233-260.
Leake D, Doykos J 3rd, Habal MB, Murray JE. Long-term follow-up of fractures of mandibular condyle in children. Plast Reconstr Surg 1971 Feb;47(2):127-131.
Lustmann J, Milhem I. Mandibular fractures in infants: Review of the literature and report of seven cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1994 Mar;52(3):240-246.
Thorén H, Iizuka T, Hallikainen D, Nurminen M, Lindqvist C. An epidemiological study of patterns of condylar fractures in children. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997 Oct;35(5):306-311.