International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

Register      Login

VOLUME 14 , ISSUE 2 ( March-April, 2021 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Comparison of Efficacy of Different Supervision Methods of Toothbrushing on Dental Plaque Scores in 7–9-year-old Children

Fawaz Pullishery, Basem M Abuzenada, Nawal M Alrushnudi, Maram M Alsafri, Wafa M Alkhaibari, Mawadda F Alharbi, Jaidaa AS Aladani, Zahra Mohammed

Keywords : Dental education, Plaque removal, School, Toothbrush

Citation Information : Pullishery F, Abuzenada BM, Alrushnudi NM, Alsafri MM, Alkhaibari WM, Alharbi MF, Aladani JA, Mohammed Z. Comparison of Efficacy of Different Supervision Methods of Toothbrushing on Dental Plaque Scores in 7–9-year-old Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021; 14 (2):263-268.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1927

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 30-07-2021

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2021; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background and objectives: The efficiency of mechanical plaque control in children not only depends on the type of oral aids they use but also on the instructions, training, and motivation given to them. To compare the efficiency of different methods of personal supervision of toothbrushing in reducing the dental plaque levels in 7–9-year-old schoolchildren. Materials and methods: A parallel designed double-blinded randomized study was conducted in a private school in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from September 2018 to December 2018. The children were allocated randomly into two groups based on the type of supervision given. Plaque scores examination was carried out at four intervals as baseline, 7th day, 14th day, and 90th day. Results: Plaque scores reduced after 7 days in all groups, even though there was no statistically significant difference observed. At the final examination of plaque scores (90th day), there was a highly statistically significant reduction observed in group I and II compared to group III where the reduction was less evident. Conclusion: Supervision of toothbrushing in the correct way was effective in reducing the plaque scores. Our study benefited both parents and children in understanding the correct method of brushing and the importance of plaque control.


HTML PDF Share
  1. Axelsson P, Odont D. Concept and practice of plaque-control. Pediatr Dent 1981;3(Sp. Issue):101–113.
  2. Petersen PE. The World Oral Health Report 2003: continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century–the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2003;31:3–24. DOI: 10.1046/j.2003.com122.x.
  3. Alhabdan YA, Albeshr AG, Yenugadhati N, et al. Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among primary school children: a population-based cross-sectional study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Environ Health Prev Med 2018;23(1):60. DOI: 10.1186/s12199-018-0750-z.
  4. Al Agili DE. A systematic review of population-based dental caries studies among children in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent J 2013;25(1):3–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2012.10.002.
  5. Al-Meedani LA, Al-Dlaigan YH. Prevalence of dental caries and associated social risk factors among preschool children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci 2016;32(2):452. DOI: 10.12669/pjms.322.9439.
  6. Cifcibasi E, Koyuncuoglu CZ, Baser U, et al. Comparison of manual toothbrushes with different bristle designs in terms of cleaning efficacy and potential role on gingival recession. Eur J Dent 2014;8(3):395–401. DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.137655.
  7. Pullishery F, Panchmal GS, Shenoy R. Parental attitudes and tooth brushing habits in preschool children in Mangalore, Karnataka: a cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(3):156–160. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1210.
  8. Simmons S, Smith R, Gelbier S. Effect of oral hygiene instruction on brushing skills in preschool children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1983;11(4):193–198. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1983. tb01877.x.
  9. Poyato-Ferrera M, Segura-Egea JJ, Bullón-Fernández P. Comparison of modified Bass technique with normal toothbrushing practices for efficacy in supragingival plaque removal. Int J Dent Hyg 2003;1(2): 110–114. DOI: 10.1034/j.1601-5037.2003.00018.x.
  10. Turesky S, Gilmore ND, Glickman I. Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of vitamin C. J Periodontol 1970;41(41):41–43. DOI: 10.1902/jop.1970.41.41.41.
  11. Hoeft KS, Barker JC, Shiboski S, et al. Effectiveness evaluation of contra caries oral health education program for improving Spanish-speaking parents’ preventive oral health knowledge and behaviors for their young children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2016;44(6):564–576. DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12250.
  12. Arora A, Khattri S, Ismail NM, et al. School dental screening programmes for oral health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017;12:CD012595. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012595.pub2.
  13. Castilho AR, Mialhe FL, Barbosa TD, et al. Influence of family environment on children's oral health: a systematic review. J Pediatr 2013;89(2):116–123. DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2013.03.014.
  14. Angelopoulou MV, Kavvadia K, Taoufik K, et al. Comparative clinical study testing the effectiveness of school based oral health education using experiential learning or traditional lecturing in 10 year-old children. BMC Oral Health 2015;15(1):51. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0036-4.
  15. Gallagher A, Sowinski J, Bowman J, et al. The effect of brushing time and dentifrice on dental plaque removal in vivo. J Dent Hyg 2009;83(3):111–116.
  16. Redmond CA, Blinkhorn FA, Kay EJ, et al. A cluster randomized controlled trial testing the effectiveness of a school-based dental health education program for adolescents. J Public Health Dent 1999;59(1):12–17. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1999. tb03229.x.
  17. Kwan SY, Petersen PE, Pine CM, et al. Health-promoting schools: an opportunity for oral health promotion. Bull World Health Organ 2005;83(9):677–685. DOI: /S0042-96862005000900013.
  18. World Health Organization. Research to Improve Implementation and Effectiveness of School Health Programmes. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1996.
  19. Gerber RJ, Wilks T, Erdie-Lalena C. Developmental milestones: motor development. Pediatr Rev 2010;31(7):267–276. DOI: 10.1542/pir.31-7-267, quiz 277-quiz 277.
  20. Wilks T, Gerber RJ, Erdie-Lalena C. Developmental milestones: cognitive development. Pediatr Rev 2010;31(9):364–367. DOI: 10.1542/pir.31-9-364.
  21. Benadof D, Polk D, Documet P. Stages and transitions in the development of tooth brushing skills in children of Mexican immigrant families: a qualitative study. J Public Health Dent 2015;75(4):337–342. DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12108.
  22. Martin M, Rosales G, Sandoval A, et al. What really happens in the home: a comparison of parent-reported and observed tooth brushing behaviors for young children. BMC Oral Health 2019;19(1):35. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0725-5.
  23. Adair J, Sharpe D, Huynh CL. Hawthorne control procedures in educational experiments: a reconsideration of their use and effectiveness. Rev Educ Res 1989;59(2):215–228. DOI: 10.3102/00346543059002215.
  24. Jeffcoat M. Chemical plaque control: how do you advise your patients? Int Dent J 1993;43(4 Suppl 1):415–421.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.