Comparative Evaluation of Compressive Strength, Shear Bond Strength, and Fluoride Release of Grape Seed Extract and Resveratrol Incorporated in Conventional Restorative Glass Ionomer Cement: An In Vitro Study
Gaurav S Yermalkar, Shashikiran N Devendrappa, Namrata N Gaonkar, Sachin Gugawad, Savita Hadakar, Sonali K Waghmode, Ankita Maurya
Citation Information :
Yermalkar GS, Devendrappa SN, Gaonkar NN, Gugawad S, Hadakar S, Waghmode SK, Maurya A. Comparative Evaluation of Compressive Strength, Shear Bond Strength, and Fluoride Release of Grape Seed Extract and Resveratrol Incorporated in Conventional Restorative Glass Ionomer Cement: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025; 18 (2):167-172.
Aims and background: Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is an excellent example of dental materials that revolutionized the way we approach restorative dentistry. There have been several studies aimed at improving the properties of GIC while reducing its compressive strength, brittleness, etc.
Over time, to combat this cumbersome problem, various agents have been added to GIC to increase its antimicrobial properties. The incorporation of fluoride, selenium, and other compounds has proven to reduce the rate of formation of cariogenic biofilm. However, the use of synthetic compounds such as fluoride can result in fluorosis. This calls for the need for a natural antimicrobial agent with minimal or no side effects and optimal effectiveness.
Grape seed extract (GSE) and resveratrol (grape skin extract) are naturally occurring compounds having antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties.
Materials and methods: GSE and resveratrol were incorporated into conventional restorative GIC.
Conventional and experimental restorative GICs were manipulated according to manufacturer instructions and were then tested for their compressive strength, shear bond strength (SBS), and fluoride release.
Results: Mean compressive strength was highest for GIC incorporated with GSE, followed by resveratrol incorporated GIC, with the least being in the control group. Mean SBS and fluoride release were highest in resveratrol incorporated GIC, followed by GSE incorporated GIC, with the least being in the control group.
Conclusion: Positive results were observed, showing an increase in the properties of fluoride release, SBS, and compressive strength in GIC incorporated with plant-based extracts.
Clinical significance: GIC is routinely used in pediatric dentistry, requiring constant evolution to improve its properties. The incorporation of plant-based extracts in GIC is a natural alternative to synthetic additives while also enhancing its physical properties. Further studies are required to assess the long-term effect of the experimental adhesives in clinical trials.
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