Aims and background: Recording enamel rod end patterns can be considered an alternative to fingerprints, which are susceptible to decomposition or mutilation. The available literature revealed that limited research has been performed on the recording of enamel rod end patterns, and none has been performed on primary teeth. Hence, this in vitro observational study was performed with the aim of identifying and analyzing the different patterns of enamel rod endings of primary anterior teeth. The objectives of this study were to record the different patterns of enamel rod endings obtained from the enamel surface of primary maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth through biometric analysis. Materials and methods: The enamel rod end patterns of 30 noncarious primary anterior teeth with intact crown structures were recorded using the acetate peel technique. The photomicrographs of the imprints were then subjected to biometric conversion using Verifinger Standard Software Development Kit® (SDK®) version 6.5 software. Results: The enamel surface of primary anterior teeth, the following enamel rod end patterns were detected and recorded—wavy branched (WB), linear branched (LB), linear unbranched (LUB), Whorl (W), loop (L), and stem-like (SL) patterns. WB was the only pattern that predominated all of the samples. Only WB and LB emerged as a single subpattern. The patterns LUB, L, W, and SL were never observed alone; rather, they were combined with two, three, or four other subpatterns, primarily WB and LB. Conclusion: In this study, six enamel rod end patterns were identified and recorded on the enamel surface of primary anterior teeth.