International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

Register      Login

SEARCH WITHIN CONTENT

FIND ARTICLE

Volume / Issue

Online First

Archive
Volume  17 (2024)
Volume  16 (2023)
Volume  15 (2022)
Volume  14 (2021)
Volume  13 (2020)
Volume  12 (2019)
Volume  11 (2018)
Volume  10 (2017)
Volume  9 (2016)
Volume  8 (2015)
Volume  7 (2014)
Volume  6 (2013)
Volume  5 (2012)
Volume  4 (2011)
Volume  3 (2010)
Volume  2 (2009)
Volume  1 (2008)
Related articles

VOLUME 16 , ISSUE 6 ( November-December, 2023 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Evaluation of Presence of Enterococcus faecalis in Root Canals of Deciduous Molars with Necrotic Pulp by Agar Culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction

Triveni M Nalawade, Kishore G Bhat, Alka D Kale, Vijay M Kumbar, Rachappa M Mallikarjuna

Keywords : Deciduous tooth, Dental pulp necrosis, Enterococcus faecalis, polymerase chain reaction, Root canal medicaments

Citation Information : Nalawade TM, Bhat KG, Kale AD, Kumbar VM, Mallikarjuna RM. Evaluation of Presence of Enterococcus faecalis in Root Canals of Deciduous Molars with Necrotic Pulp by Agar Culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16 (6):816-819.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2706

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 01-02-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2023; The Author(s).


Abstract

Objective: To assess the presence of Enterococcus faecalis in root canals of deciduous molars with necrotic pulp by agar culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Materials and methods: This is an experimental study, where a total of 120 endodontic samples were taken from deciduous molars with necrotic pulps. The presence of Enterococcus faecalis was assessed by culture, using Enterococcus confirmatory agar, and by PCR assay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using McNemar's test. Results: The presence of Enterococcus faecalis was detected in 20 samples (16.67% of total) by microbial culture and in 45 samples (37.5% of total) by PCR assay, with a statistically significant difference between the two methods (p < 0.001). Microbial culture and PCR both detect Enterococcus faecalis, with the latter detecting an additional 25 positive samples. Conclusion: In this study, PCR assay was significantly more sensitive than agar culture method in detecting the presence of Enterococcus faecalis in root canals of deciduous molars with necrotic pulp, that is, 37.5% of all samples. Clinical significance: Importance of presence of Enterococcus faecalis in necrotic pulps of deciduous teeth, as it is primarily responsible for failure of endodontic treatment, thus helping clinicians to advocate the use of local drug delivery in primary teeth endodontics and also aids clinicians in choosing the most effective intracanal medication.

HTML PDF Share
  1. Gondim JO, Avaca-Crusca JS, Valentini SR, et al. Effect of a calcium hydroxide/chlorhexidine paste as intracanal dressing in human primary teeth with necrotic pulp against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Enterococcus faecalis. Int J Paediatr Dent 2012;22(2):116–124. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2011.01174.x
  2. Blome B, Braun A, Sobarzo V, et al. Molecular identification and quantification of bacteria from endodontic infections using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2008;23(5):384–390. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302X.2008.00440.x
  3. Sakamoto M, Siqueira JF Jr, Rôças IN, et al. Bacterial reduction and persistence after endodontic treatment procedures. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2007;22(1):19–23. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302X.2007.00315.x
  4. Ruviére DB, Leonardo MR, da Silva LA, et al. Assessment of the microbiota in root canals of human primary teeth by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. J Dent Child (Chic) 2007;74(2):118–123.
  5. Cogulu D, Uzel A, Oncag O, et al. PCR-based identification of selected pathogens associated with endodontic infections in deciduous and permanent teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2008;106(3):443–449. DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.03.004
  6. Williams JM, Trope M, Caplan DJ, et al. Detection and quantitation of E. faecalis by real-time PCR (qPCR), reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and cultivation during endodontic treatment. J Endod. 2006;32(8):715–721. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2006.02.031
  7. Adl A, Hamedi S, Sedigh Shams M, et al. The ability of triple antibiotic paste and calcium hydroxide in disinfection of dentinal tubules. Iran Endod J 2014;9(2):123–126.
  8. Adl A, Shojaee NS, Motamedifar M. A comparison between the antimicrobial effects of triple antibiotic paste and calcium hydroxide against entrococcus faecalis. Iran Endod J 2012;7(3):149–155.
  9. Gomes BP, Pinheiro ET, Sousa EL, et al. Enterococcus faecalis in dental root canals detected by culture and by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006;102(2):247–253. DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.11.031
  10. Cogulu D, Uzel A, Oncag O, et al. Detection of enterococcus faecalis in necrotic teeth root canals by culture and polymerase chain reaction methods. Eur J Dent 2007;1(4):216–221.
  11. Rôças IN, Siqueira JF Jr, Santos KR. Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms of periradicular diseases. J Endod 2004;30(5):315–320. DOI: 10.1097/00004770-200405000-00004
  12. Lee W, Lim S, Son HH, et al. Sonicated extract of Enterococcus faecalis induces irreversible cell cycle arrest in phytohemagglutinin-activated human lymphocytes. J Endod 2004;30(4):209–212. DOI: 10.1097/00004770-200404000-00006
  13. Donlan RM, Costerton JW. Biofilms: survival mechanisms of clinically relevant microorganisms. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002;15(2):167–193. DOI: 10.1128/CMR.15.2.167-193.2002
  14. Kumar H. An in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of Curcuma longa, Tachyspermum ammi, chlorhexidine gluconate, and calcium hydroxide on Enterococcus faecalis. J Conserv Dent 2013;16(2):144–147. DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.108197
  15. Tulsani SG, Chikkanarasaiah N, Bethur S. An in vivo comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and Biopure MTAD™ against enterococcus faecalis in primary teeth: A qPCR study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;39(1):30–34. DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.39.1.c4q2155r16817219
  16. Fabris AS, Nakano V, Avila-Campos MJ. Bacteriological analysis of necrotic pulp and fistulae in primary teeth. J Appl Oral Sci 2014;22(2):118–124. DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130358
  17. Sedgley C, Nagel A, Dahlén G, et al. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and culture analyses of Enterococcus faecalis in root canals. J Endod 2006;32(3):173–177.
  18. Sedgley CM, Nagel AC, Shelburne CE, et al. Quantitative real-time PCR detection of oral Enterococcus faecalis in humans. Arch Oral Biol 2005;50(6):575–583. DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2004.10.017
  19. Fouad AF, Zerella J, Barry J, et al. Molecular detection of Enterococcus species in root canals of therapy-resistant endodontic infections. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;99(1):112–118. DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.06.064
  20. Sivaraman SS, Hassan M, Pearson JM. A national survey of pediatric dentists on antibiotic use in children. Pediatr Dent 2013;35(7):546–549.
  21. Oberoi SS, Dhingra C, Sharma G, et al. Antibiotics in dental practice: how justified are we. Int Dent J 2015;65(1):4–10. DOI: 10.1111/idj.12146
  22. Vijayaraghavan R, Mathian VM, Sundaram AM, et al. Triple antibiotic paste in root canal therapy. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2012;4(Suppl 2):S230–S233. DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.100214
  23. Manuel ST, Parolia A, Kundabala M, et al. Non-surgical endodontic therapy using triple-antibiotic paste. Kerala Dent J 2010;33:88–90.
  24. Puri K, Puri N. Local drug delivery agents as adjuncts to endodontic and periodontal therapy. J Med Life 2013;6(4):414–419.
  25. Zhu X, Wang Q, Zhang C, et al. Prevalence, phenotype, and genotype of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from saliva and root canals in patients with persistent apical periodontitis. J Endod 2010;36(12):1950–1955. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.08.053
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.