International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

Register      Login

SEARCH WITHIN CONTENT

FIND ARTICLE

Volume / Issue

Online First

Archive
Volume  18 (2025)
Volume  17 (2024)
Volume  16 (2023)
Volume  15 (2022)
Volume  14 (2021)
Volume  13 (2020)
Volume  12 (2019)
Volume  11 (2018)
Volume  10 (2017)
Volume  9 (2016)
Volume  8 (2015)
Volume  7 (2014)
Volume  6 (2013)
Volume  5 (2012)
Volume  4 (2011)
Volume  3 (2010)
Volume  2 (2009)
Volume  1 (2008)
Related articles

VOLUME 15 , ISSUE 1 ( January-February, 2022 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Comparison of Remineralization Potential of Casein Phosphopeptide: Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, Nano-hydroxyapatite and Calcium Sucrose Phosphate on Artificial Enamel Lesions: An In Vitro Study

Ronin Sebastian

Citation Information : Sebastian R. Comparison of Remineralization Potential of Casein Phosphopeptide: Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, Nano-hydroxyapatite and Calcium Sucrose Phosphate on Artificial Enamel Lesions: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15 (1):69-73.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2339

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 13-04-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2022; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim and objective: To evaluate and compare the remineralization potential of CPP–ACP, nano-hydroxyapatite, and calcium sucrose phosphate toothpaste on artificial enamel caries lesions by means of microhardness testing. Materials and methods: Twenty sound human primary molars, extracted for therapeutic reasons were selected for this study. From each tooth, two enamel specimens were prepared and embedded in acrylic resin blocks, and each block contains five tooth samples. After polishing, the baseline hardness of the enamel surface (KHN) was determined by Knoop microhardness testing. Then the specimens were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10), according to the remineralizing agent used: group I: Control, group II: GC Tooth MousseTM (CCP-ACP), group III: AcclaimTM (nano-HAP), and group IV: EnaFix (CaSP). The specimens were then immersed in a demineralizing solution and post-lesion KHN values were obtained as baseline measurements. Later remineralizing agent was applied and after 7 days of remineralization, posttreatment KHN tests were conducted. Results: Data were analyzed using paired t-test, analysis of variance, and Tukey HSD test. Mean enamel surface microhardness (KHN) values after remineralization shows that group IV (EnaFixTM) had maximum hardness number (114.71 ± 12.27) followed by group III (Acclaim) (85.14 ± 22.82) and group II (GC Tooth Mousse) (56.42 ± 19.90). The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Similarly the %SMHR was also highest in group IV (EnaFix), followed by group III (Acclaim) and group II (GC Tooth Mousse). Conclusion: EnaFix (calcium sucrose phosphate) shows a maximum increase in the enamel surface microhardness followed by Acclaim (nano-HAP) and GC Tooth Mousse. Clinical significance: Calcium Sucrose Phosphate in toothpaste strengthened the enamel more than nano hydroxyapatite and CPP-ACP, and can be an alternative to the use of fluoride toothpaste in children.

HTML PDF Share
  1. Anusavice KJ. Caries risk assessment. Oper Dent Suppl 2001;6:19–26.
  2. Anderson MH. Current concepts of dental caries and its prevention. Oper Dent Suppl 2001;6:11–18.
  3. Tenuta LMA, Cury JA. Fluoride: its role in dentistry. Braz Oral Res 2010;24 Suppl 1:9–17. DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242010000500003
  4. Adair SM. Evidence-based use of fluoride in contemporary pediatric dental practice. Pediatr Dent 2006;28(2):133–142.
  5. Minah G, Lin C, Coors S, et al. Evaluation of an early childhood caries prevention program at an urban pediatric clinic. Pediatr Dent 2008;30(6):499–504.
  6. Goswami M, Saha S, Chaitra TR. Latest developments in non-fluoridated remineralizing technologies. J Indian Soc Pedo Prev Dent 2012;30(1):2–6. DOI: 10.4103/0970-4388.95561
  7. Vieira AEM, Delbem ACB, Sassaki KT, et al. Fluoride dose response in pH-cycling models using bovine enamel. Caries Res 2005;39(6):514–520. DOI: 10.1159/000088189
  8. Zhang Q, Zou J, Yang R, et al. Remineralization effects of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate crème on artificial early enamel lesions of primary teeth. Int J Paediatr Dent 2011;21(5):374–381. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2011.01135.x
  9. De Carvalho FG, Vieira BR, Santos RL, et al. In vitro effects of nano-hydroxyapatite paste on initial enamel carious lesions. Pediatr Dent 2014;36(3):E85-E89.
  10. Lata S, Varghese NO, Varughese JM. Remineralization potential of fluoride and amorphous calcium phosphate-casein phospho peptide on enamel lesions: an in vitro comparative evaluation. J Conserv Dent 2010;13(1): 42–46. DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.62634
  11. Huang S, Gao S, Cheng L, et al. Remineralization potential of nano-hydroxyapatite on enamel lesions: an in vitro study. Caries Res 2011;45(5):460–468. DOI: 10.1159/000331207
  12. Oliveira HM, Torres CP, Gomes-Silva JM, et al. Microstructure and mineral composition of dental 14. enamel of permanent and deciduous teeth. Microsc Res Tech 2010;73(5):572–577. DOI:10.1002/jemt.20796
  13. Thomas RR, Acharya SR. Comparative evaluation of the surface microhardness of demineralized enamel after the application of three remineralizing agents. Indian J Appl Res 2015;5(6):108–110.
  14. Shishir S, Mithra N H, Thimmaiah P B. Enamel remineralization assessment after treatment with three different remineralizing agents using surface microhardness: an in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2014;17(1):49–52. DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.124136
  15. Oshiro M, Yamaguchi K, Takamizawa T, et al. Effect of CPP-ACP paste on tooth mineralization: an FE-SEM study. J Oral Sci 2007;49(2):115–120. DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.49.115
  16. Kumar VLN, Itthagarun A, King NM. The effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on remineralization of artificial caries-like lesions: an in vitro study. Aust Dent J 2008;53(1):34–40. DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2007.00006.x
  17. Vashisht R, Kumar A, Indira R, et al. Remineralization of early enamel lesions using casein phosphopeptide - amorphous calcium Phosphate: an ex-vivo study. Contemp Clin Dent 2010;1(4):210–213. DOI: 10.4103/0976-237X.76385
  18. Tantbirojn D, Huang A, Ericson MD, et al. Change in surface hardness of enamel by a cola drink and a CPP–ACP paste. J Dent 2008;36(1):74–79. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.10.008
  19. Jeong SH, Jang SO, Kim KN, et al. Remineralization potential of new toothpaste containing nano hydroxyapatite. Key Engineering Materials 2006;309(311):537–540. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.309-311.537
  20. Lv K, Zhang J, Meng X, et al. Remineralization effect of the nano-HA toothpaste on artificial caries. Key Engineering Materials 2007;330(332): 267–270. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.267
  21. Tschoppe P, Zandim DL, Martus P, et al. Enamel and dentine remineralization by nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes. J Dent 2011;39(6);430–437. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.03.008
  22. Mielczarek A, Michalik J. The effect of nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste on enamel surface remineralization. An in vitro study. Am J Dent 2014;27(6):287–290.
  23. Sargod SS, Bhat SS, Hegde S, et al. Remineralization potential using calcium sucrose phosphate (EnaFix) on artificial carious lesions: a polaroid microscopic study. Indian J Appl Res 2015;1:421-423.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.