Comparison of Pain and Anxiety Level Induced by Laser vs Rotary Cavity Preparation: An In Vivo Study
Sana Alia, Saarika Suresh
Citation Information :
Alia S, Suresh S. Comparison of Pain and Anxiety Level Induced by Laser vs Rotary Cavity Preparation: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020; 13 (6):590-594.
Aim: To evaluate and compare the pain perception, anxiety level, and acceptance of Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2780 nm) with a conventional rotary method during cavity preparation in children. Materials and methods: In a randomized controlled trial, using split-mouth design thirty 6- to 12-year-old children with 60 carious molars were examined. In one quadrant, cavity was prepared conventionally by airotor while, in the other quadrant, Er,Cr:YSGG laser was used. Anxiety was assessed by measuring pulse rate using a fingertip pulse oximeter, while the pain was measured on the Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. After the cavity preparation by both the methods, the child was asked about the preference for future treatment of a carious lesion. Results: Pulse rate was found significantly higher in the airotor group but no significant difference in pulse rate was found in the laser group when compared to the baseline pulse rate. The mean value of pain in the airotor group was slightly higher than the laser group. Fifty-seven percent of children preferred Er,Cr:YSGG laser for cavity preparation in the future. Conclusion: During cavity preparation, Er,Cr:YSGG laser comes out to be more effective and acceptable, as it is less anxiety-provoking and may cause less pain when compared with the airotor. Clinical significance: Er,Cr:YSGG laser helps the children to remain calm during the cavity preparation.
Belcheva A, Shindova M. Subjective acceptance of pediatric patients during cavity preparation with Er:YAG laser and conventional rotary instruments. J IMAB 2014;20(5):631–633. DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2014205.631.
Kleinknecht RA, Klepac RK, Alexander LD. Origins and characteristics of fear of dentistry. J Am Dent Assoc 1973;86(4):842–848. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.1973.0165.
Armfield JM. Towards a better understanding of dental anxiety and fear: cognitions vs. experiences. Eur J Oral Sci 2010;118(3):259–264. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00740.x.
Eitner S, Wichmann M, Paulsen A, et al. Dental anxiety-an epidemiological study on its clinical correlation and effects on oral health. J Oral Rehabil 2006;33(8):588–593. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01589.x.
Cohen SM, Fiske J, Newton JT. The impact of dental anxiety on daily living. Br Dent J 2000;189(7):385–390. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4800777.
Raj S, Agarwai M, Aradya K, et al. Evaluation of dental fear in children during dental visit using children's fear survey schedule-dental subscale. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):12–15. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1178.
Walsh LJ. Anxiety prevention: implementing the 4 S principle in conservative dentistry. Auxilliary 2007;17(5):24–26.
Eren F, Altinok B, Ertugral F, et al. The effect of erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser therapy on pain during cavity preparation in pediatric dental patients: a pilot study. Oral Health Dent Manag 2013;12(2):80–84.
Visuri SR, Walsh JT, Wigdor HA. Erbium laser ablation of dental hard tissue: effect of water cooling. Lasers Surg Med 1996;18(3):294–300. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9101(1996)18:3<294::AID-LSM11>3. 0.CO;2-6.
Zhegova GG, Rashkova MR. Er-YAG laser and dental caries treatment of permanent teeth in childhood. J of IMAB 2015;21(1):699–704. DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2015211.699.
Boj J, Galofre N, Espana A, et al. Pain perception in pediatric patients undergoing laser treatments. J Oral Laser Applications 2005;5:85–89.
Polizeli SAP, Valério RA, Nemezio MA, et al. Sensitivity evaluation of caries removal in primary molars using an Er:YAG laser: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial. Eur J Pharm Med Res 2016;3(8):116–122.
Tiwari N, Tiwari S, Thakur R, et al. Evaluation of treatment related fear using a newly developed fear scale for children: “fear assessment picture scale” and its association with physiological response. Contemp Clin Dent 2015;6(3):327–331. DOI: 10.4103/0976-237X. 161871.
Evans D, Matthews S, Pitts N, et al. A clinical evaluation of an Erbium:YAG laser for dental cavity preparation. Br Dent J 2000;188(12):677–679. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4800575.
Liu JF, Lai YL, Shu WY, et al. Acceptance and efficiency of Er:YAG laser for cavity preparation in children. Photomed Laser Surg 2006;24(4):489–493. DOI: 10.1089/pho.2006.24.489.
Santos CR, Tonetto MR, Presoto CD, et al. Application of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers in cavity preparation for dental tissues: a literature review. World J Dent 2012;3(4):340–343.
Yamada T, Ebisu S, Kuwano S. A questionnaire survey on the effect of the sound of dental drills on the feeling of patients in dental clinics. J Acoust Sci Tech 2006;27(5):305–308. DOI: 10.1250/ast. 27.305.
Genovese MD, Olivi G. Laser in pediatric dentistry: patient acceptance of hard and soft tissues therapy. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2008;9(1):13–17.
Matsumoto K, Hossain M, Hossain MMI, et al. Clinical assessment of Er,Cr:YSGG laser application for cavity preparation. J Clin Laser Med Surg 2002;20(1):17–21. DOI: 10.1089/104454702753474968.
Hadley J, Young D, Eversole L, et al. A laser- powered hydrokinetic system for caries removal and cavity preparation. J Am Dent Assoc 2000;131(6):777–785. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2000.0277.
Lin S, Caputo A, Eversole L, et al. Topographical characteristics and shear bond strength of tooth surfaces cut with a laser-powered hydrokinetic system. J Prosthet Dentist 1999;82(4):451–455. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3913(99)70033-8.
Bohari RM, Chunawalla YK, Ahmed BMN. Clinical evaluation of caries removal in primary teeth using conventional, chemicomechanical and laser technique: an in vivo study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(1):40–47. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1093.
Glockner K, Rumpler J, Ebeleseder K, et al. Intrapulpal temperature during preparation with the Er:YAG laser compared to the conventional burr: an in vitro study. J Clin Laser Med Surg 1998;16(3):153–157. DOI: 10.1089/clm.1998.16.153.
De Moor RJ, Delm KI. Laser-assisted cavity preparation and adhesion to erbium-lased tooth structure: Part 1. Laser-assisted cavity preparation. J Adhes Dent 2009;11:427–438.
De Moor RJ, Delme KI. Laser-assisted cavity preparation and adhesion to erbium-lased tooth structure: Part 2. Present-day adhesion to erbium-lased tooth structure in permanent teeth. J Adhes Dent 2010;12:91–102.
Delmé K, Meire M, De Bruyne M, et al. Cavity preparation using an Er:YAG laser in the adult dentition. Rev Belge Med Dent 2009;64:71–80.